Journalism spans print, digital and broadcast roles, and most employers look for a blend of formal training and practical experience. While some entry points are more traditional than others, several pathways can help aspiring journalists gain the skills required for the profession.
Common training routes
A university degree is a widely recognised starting point, with courses in journalism, media or English offering grounding in research, writing and newsroom practice. Others enter through vocational routes, including NCTJ qualifications, which are valued across the industry for their focus on reporting, law and public affairs. Apprenticeships also provide paid on-the-job experience, allowing trainees to learn while developing portfolios. Professional bodies share useful guidance on expectations and competencies, with resources such as https://newsassociates.co.uk/what-is-the-nctj offering insight into the routes commonly taken by new entrants.
Skills and supplementary development
Beyond formal qualifications, journalists need strong written communication, fact-checking ability and attention to detail. Many courses introduce multimedia skills, from photography to digital editing, reflecting the demands of modern newsrooms. Additional courses and training, including media law updates or data journalism workshops, can help journalists remain confident in specialist areas.
Experience is often as important as qualifications. Student media, local outlets and online platforms allow aspiring reporters to publish early work and demonstrate initiative. A varied portfolio helps employers assess writing range, accuracy and understanding of the audience. Shadowing opportunities, community newsletters and volunteer roles can support skills. Journalists progress through a combination of structured learning and hands-on experience. Choosing a route that aligns with individual strengths and ambitions helps build the foundation for a sustainable career in the industry.
